What is DGCA Class 1 and Class 2 Medical Test? Complete Guide for Pilots 2025

Becoming a pilot in India is more than just mastering flying skills-it begins with passing the mandatory DGCA medical tests. The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) requires every aspiring pilot to clear both Class 2 and Class 1 medical tests to ensure they meet the highest standards of physical and mental fitness. This guide explains the purpose, process, requirements, and differences between DGCA Class 1 and Class 2 medical tests, with practical tips and internal links to Golden Epaulettes Aviation for expert support.

Why Are DGCA Medical Tests Required for Pilots?

• Safety: Pilots must be physically and mentally fit to operate aircraft safely and handle emergencies.
• Regulatory Compliance: DGCA mandates these tests for all student, private, and commercial pilot license applicants.
• Early Detection: Medical tests help identify health issues that could affect pilot performance or safety in flight.

Overview: DGCA Class 1 vs Class 2 Medical Tests

DGCA Class 2 Medical Test: The First Step

Who Needs It?

• Anyone starting pilot training (Student Pilot License, SPL)
• Private Pilot License (PPL) applicants

What Does It Include?

• Vision Test: Distant and near vision (6/6 or correctable), color vision (Ishihara test)
• Hearing Test: Audiometry to ensure normal hearing
• Blood Pressure: Should be within normal range
• Blood and Urine Tests: Detect diabetes, kidney/liver issues, infections
• Physical Examination: Height, weight, BMI, general health
• ECG (if required): For heart health in some cases
• Chest X-Ray: To rule out infections/tumors (sometimes required)
• Medical History Review: Chronic diseases, surgeries, medications

Where to Get It Done?

DGCA-approved civil medical examiners across India

Cost

Typically ₹3,000–₹8,000 depending on the examiner and tests required

Documents Needed

• Valid photo ID (passport, Aadhaar)
• Two passport-size photographs
• Previous medical certificates (if any)

DGCA Class 1 Medical Test: The Gateway to Commercial Flying

Who Needs It?

• Commercial Pilot License (CPL) applicants
• Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL) applicants
• Airline pilots (renewal required)

When to Take It?

After passing Class 2 medical and before starting CPL flying hours or applying for airline jobs

What Does It Include?

1. Vision Standards

• Distant vision: 6/6 in each eye (correctable with glasses/contact lenses)
• Near vision: N5 and N14 standards (for cockpit reading)
• Color vision: Must pass Ishihara or similar test

2. Hearing Test

Audiometry: Ability to hear normal conversation and cockpit instructions

3. Blood Pressure and Heart Health

• Blood pressure: Ideally 120/80 mmHg
• ECG: Detects heart conditions or arrhythmias

4. Lung Function (Spirometry)

Assesses respiratory health and lung capacity

5. Neurological and Mental Health Assessment

Checks reflexes, coordination, and mental stability

6. General Physical Fitness

• Height, weight, BMI (18.5–24.9), overall health
• Minimum height: about 152 cm (5 feet), maximum: about 190 cm (6’3”)

7. Blood and Urine Tests

Checks for diabetes, kidney/liver disorders, substance abuse

8. Chest X-Ray & Abdomen Ultrasound

Detects infections, tumors, organ issues

9. ENT (Ear, Nose, Throat) Exam

Ensures no blockages or chronic infections

10. Additional/Specialized Tests

As per medical history or examiner’s discretion

Step-by-Step: How to Apply for DGCA Medical Tests

1. Register on the eGCA Portal

Create an account and fill out the medical application form.

2. Book an Appointment

Select a DGCA-approved medical examiner (Class 2 or Class 1) or IAF center.

3. Prepare Documents

Carry valid ID, photos, previous medicals, and any required forms.

4. Undergo Medical Tests

Attend the scheduled appointment; complete all required tests.

5. Receive Medical Certificate

If fit, get the CA-35 certificate (Class 1) or equivalent (Class 2).

Certificate is valid for 1 year (Class 1, under 40) or 2 years (Class 2, under 40).

6. Renewal

Regular renewal is mandatory; frequency depends on age and license type.

What Happens If You Are Temporarily or Permanently Unfit?

• Temporary Unfit (TUF):
  If a minor issue is detected, you may be asked to undergo further tests or treatment before reapplying.
• Permanent Unfit:
  Issued only for severe, non-correctable medical conditions.

Tips for a Smooth DGCA Medical Process

• Maintain healthy lifestyle: Regular exercise, balanced diet, avoid smoking/alcohol
• Control blood pressure and sugar: Especially if you have a family history
• Get a good night’s sleep before the test
• Carry all required documents and previous medicals
• Declare all medications and medical history honestly

Common Reasons for Medical Disqualification

Uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension

Color blindness or uncorrectable poor vision

Severe hearing loss

Heart disease or abnormal ECG

Chronic respiratory or neurological conditions

Substance abuse

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: Can I take Class 1 medical directly?
No, you must first clear Class 2 medical before applying for Class 1.

Q2: How long is the DGCA Class 1 medical certificate valid?
1 year if under 40, 6 months if over 40.

Q3: What if I wear glasses or contact lenses?
You can still qualify if your vision is correctable to 6/6 in each eye.

Q4: How much does the medical test cost?
Class 2: ₹3,000–₹8,000; Class 1: ₹8,000–₹12,000 (varies by examiner and tests).

Q5: Can I reapply if found temporarily unfit?
Yes, after addressing the medical issue and re-evaluation.

Conclusion

DGCA Class 1 and Class 2 medical tests are essential milestones for every aspiring pilot in India. Class 2 is your entry point, while Class 1 is mandatory for commercial flying. Both tests assess vision, hearing, cardiovascular health, physical and mental fitness, and more. With proper preparation, honest disclosure, and guidance from institutes like Golden Epaulettes Aviation, you can clear these medicals and take your first confident step toward a successful pilot career.